石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石主要(yao)成(cheng)分碳(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)（CaCO3）。石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)和石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石大量(liang)用于建筑材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、工業原(yuan)料(liao)。石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)石直接加工成(cheng)石料(liao)和燒制(zhi)成(cheng)生石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)。生石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)吸潮或加水(shui)就(jiu)成(cheng)為熟石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)，主要(yao)成(cheng)分是Ca(OH)2，可以稱之為氫(qing)氧化鈣(gai)，熟石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)經調配(pei)成(cheng)石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)漿、石灰(hui)(hui)(hui)膏等(deng)，用作(zuo)涂裝材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和磚瓦粘合劑(ji)。
應用
碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)是(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產玻璃的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)料。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)量用(yong)(yong)(yong)做(zuo)建(jian)筑材(cai)料，也是(shi)(shi)許多工業的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)料。碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)可直接(jie)加(jia)工成(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)料和(he)燒(shao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)有生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)熟(shu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分是(shi)(shi)CaO，一(yi)般呈塊狀，純(chun)(chun)的(de)為(wei)白色(se)，含有雜質(zhi)時為(wei)淡(dan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)色(se)或(huo)淡(dan)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)。生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)吸(xi)(xi)潮或(huo)加(jia)水(shui)就成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)消(xiao)(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，消(xiao)(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)也叫熟(shu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，它的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分是(shi)(shi)Ca(OH)2。熟(shu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)經(jing)(jing)調配(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)漿、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)膏、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)砂(sha)漿等(deng)(deng)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)作涂裝材(cai)料和(he)磚瓦粘(zhan)合(he)(he)劑(ji)。水(shui)泥是(shi)(shi)由石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)粘(zhan)土(tu)等(deng)(deng)混(hun)合(he)(he)，經(jing)(jing)高(gao)溫煅燒(shao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)。玻璃由石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)英砂(sha)、純(chun)(chun)堿（碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉）等(deng)(deng)混(hun)合(he)(he)，經(jing)(jing)高(gao)溫熔(rong)融制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)。煉鐵用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作熔(rong)劑(ji)，除去脈石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。煉鋼用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)做(zuo)造渣材(cai)料，除去硫、磷等(deng)(deng)有害(hai)雜質(zhi)。電石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分是(shi)(shi)CaC2）是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)與(yu)焦碳(tan)(tan)在電爐里反(fan)應(ying)(ying)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)。純(chun)(chun)堿是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、食鹽(yan)、氨等(deng)(deng)原(yuan)料經(jing)(jing)過(guo)多步(bu)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)（索爾(er)維(wei)法(fa)）。利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)消(xiao)(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)純(chun)(chun)堿反(fan)應(ying)(ying)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)燒(shao)堿（苛化(hua)(hua)法(fa)）。利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)純(chun)(chun)凈的(de)消(xiao)(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)氯氣反(fan)應(ying)(ying)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)漂白的(de)。利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)化(hua)(hua)學加(jia)工制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)氯化(hua)(hua)鈣(gai)(gai)、硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)、亞(ya)硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)等(deng)(deng)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)鈣(gai)(gai)鹽(yan)。消(xiao)(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)能(neng)除去水(shui)的(de)暫時硬性(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)作硬水(shui)軟化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燒(shao)加(jia)工制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)較(jiao)純(chun)(chun)的(de)粉狀碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)(gai)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)做(zuo)橡(xiang)膠、塑料、紙張、牙膏、化(hua)(hua)妝品等(deng)(deng)的(de)填充料。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)與(yu)燒(shao)堿制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)堿石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)作二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)收劑(ji)。生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作干(gan)燥(zao)劑(ji)和(he)消(xiao)(xiao)毒劑(ji)。農業上，用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)配(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)硫黃(huang)(huang)合(he)(he)劑(ji)、波(bo)爾(er)多液等(deng)(deng)農藥。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)熟(shu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)可中和(he)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的(de)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)、改善(shan)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的(de)結構、供給(gei)植物所需的(de)鈣(gai)(gai)素(su)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)漿刷樹(shu)干(gan)，可保護樹(shu)木(mu)。
單飛粉：用(yong)于生(sheng)產(chan)無水(shui)氯(lv)化鈣，是(shi)重鉻酸鈉(na)生(sheng)產(chan)的輔助(zhu)原(yuan)料。玻璃及水(shui)泥(ni)生(sheng)產(chan)的主要(yao)原(yuan)料。此外，也用(yong)于建筑材料和家禽飼(si)料等。
雙飛粉：是生產無水(shui)氯化鈣和玻(bo)璃等的原(yuan)料、橡膠(jiao)和油漆的白色填料，以及建筑材料等。
三飛粉：用(yong)作塑料(liao)、涂(tu)料(liao)膩子、涂(tu)料(liao)、膠合板及油漆的填料(liao)。
四飛粉：用作電線絕緣層之填料、橡(xiang)膠模壓制(zhi)品以及(ji)瀝青制(zhi)油(you)氈之填料。
碳酸(suan)鈣是重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)材料。潔白純凈的(de)(de)(de)碳酸(suan)鈣巖石(shi)(shi)叫做(zuo)(zuo)漢白玉，可直(zhi)接用(yong)來(lai)做(zuo)(zuo)裝飾(shi)性的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)柱或工(gong)藝品;因含雜質(zhi)而有美麗花紋的(de)(de)(de)碳酸(suan)鈣叫做(zuo)(zuo)大理石(shi)(shi)，用(yong)來(lai)做(zuo)(zuo)建(jian)筑(zhu)物外(wai)墻和內壁的(de)(de)(de)貼面或鋪設(she)地面；質(zhi)地致密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)碳酸(suan)鈣巖石(shi)(shi)（石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)）也可直(zhi)接用(yong)于建(jian)房，但(dan)石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)途是生(sheng)產水泥。將含CaCO3在90%以上的(de)(de)(de)白石(shi)(shi)用(yong)雷蒙(meng)磨或其它高壓磨經(jing)粉(fen)碎、分(fen)級、分(fen)離，而制得的(de)(de)(de)成品。